Sample Thesis free essay sample

Looking around at daily life, the pattern of computer oriented devices make life easier. All of the computerized facets in our society help to increase our daily productivity and help us to do whatever it is we need to accomplish in the day. The computer age is upon the people and it will continue to grow in influence until society revolves around it daily. In personal computers, the industry has begun to create faster machines that can store much more information. A computer is a device that computes, especially a programmable electronic machine that performs high-speed mathematical or logical operations or that assembles, stores, correlates, or otherwise processes information. The particular sequence of operations can be change readily, allowing the computer to solve more than one kind of problem. The interface between the computer and human operator is known as the user interface. [MIFF2009] The internet in simple terms is a network of the interlinked computer networking worldwide, which is accessible to the general public. We will write a custom essay sample on Sample Thesis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These interconnected computers work by transmitting data through a special type of packet switching which is known as the IP or the internet protocol. [YOUR2013] Internet is such a huge network of several different interlinked networks relating to the business, government, academic, and even smaller domestic networks, therefore internet is known as the network of all the other networks. These networks enable the internet to be used for various important functions which include the several means of communications like the file transfer, the online chat and even the sharing of the documents and web sites on the WWW, or the World Wide Web. Website is a set of interconnected web pages, usually including a homepage, generally located on the same server, and prepared and maintained as a collection of information by a person, group, or organization. [MIFF2009] Information systems are implemented within an organization for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of that organization. Capabilities of the information system and characteristics of the organizations, its work systems, people development and implementation methodologies determine the extent to which that purpose is achieved. With the use of Online Information System for Sta. Maria Fire Station, people will be able to understand the importance of knowing what the possibilities are might happen due to their carelessness when it comes to their safety. Also, the website will view the offered services so that the people don’t need to visit the main station to inquire but simply use the internet to see all the information about the fire incidents, preventive tips and safety measures of the fire station. 1. 1 Statement of the Problem General Problem: How will the proponents develop an Online Information System for Sta. Maria Fire Station that will motivate people more on efficient information about fire prevention and safety animation tips and tutorials Specific Problems: How will the proponents create a user- friendly interface which the user can easily understand. This becomes a problem if the person who is not computer literate, they have a hard time to understand and navigate the system. Unpleasant web design may cause unintentional mistakes and miss out the interests of the user. How will the proponents create a page that will secure unauthorized person to access important information. Due to manual process of the Sta. Maria Fire Station, important documents were not organized and only stored in computer ­, ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­Ã‚ ­ filling cabinet, and even in wall shelves without any security causing the data to be access by unauthorized persons that can alter and easily destroy files. How will the proponents create appropriate animations, tutorials, and other multimedia elements for the proposed system. The fire station is conducting few events including seminars and still using the traditional ways of giving instructions that eventually may cause the people to get bored and at the same time, that the topics discussed on these events may be easily slip one’s mind. How will the proponents create a page that will post and update all activities of the Fire Station. Posting and updating the schedule of activities in a bulletin board is very risky due to its tendency to be destroyed unintentionally. Because of lacking of more space, previous announcements are being removed to create new one. And using materials and creating posters are time consuming and money wasting. How will the proponents create a page that will enable the user to send their comments and suggestions to the fire station Due to tradition process, the residents of Sta. Maria are having a hard time in getting information of the fire station. The residents also not informed if there is an announcement, activities or even seminars. 1. 2 Current State of the Technology Computers nowadays are widely spread to industries and businesses. People use it to make their work easier, faster and more accurate that reduces problems and errors. Many companies have already using the computerized and online system that is now making big roles in socializing people and distributing information. Creating websites or online systems expands the process of sharing, receiving and publishing information in a very quick and real – time manner. Information system is also an integrated set of components for collecting, storing, and processing data and for delivering information, knowledge, and digital products. Sta. Maria Fire Station is located at Poblacion, Sta. Maria, Bulacan. Before, both the police and fire station belongs in the same department. But since 1991, the fire station became separated and established causes to lose some important files. In the current system, the fire station is still using the manual process and accumulates several difficulties. SMFS announcements are posted only in bulletin board where pares and push pins are the tolls in posting updates and activities. Posting of events are made after the activity. Log books and other important documents are stored in filling cabinets and bookshelves indie and outside of the fire station’s office. Therefore, the materials have the tendency to be easily destroyed and fade as time passes by. The commonly problem of the establishment other than the lack of equipment is communicating and sharing information to people. SMFS owned 2 functional computers with internet connection and are used for making monthly reports and seminar’s presentation. The BFP requires different structures such as barangays, schools, hospitals and buildings to conduct seminars and inspections that are made through request. They also make inspection on submitted business permits. BFP requires conducting seminars so that the residents of Sta. Maria know how simple preventions will help and what they are going to do during incidents. They are only using projectors, LCD, Power Point Presentation, white board and marker. Presently, instead of 21, the fire station only have 18 firemen , composed of 10 Uniformed Personnel and 8 Non Uniformed Personnel (5Nurses assigned in fire aid and 3 volunteers). Uniformed Personnel are trained by the BFP (Bureau of Fire Protection). Sta. Maria Fire Station Vision A modern, efficient and responsive national fire protection agency working towards a public safety conscious society. Maria Fire Station Mission To protect lives and properties through the prevention and suppression of destructive fires; investigation of their causes and the provision of emergency medical and rescue services with the active support of the public. General Objectives To be able to create an Online Information System for Sta. Maria Fire Station that will give efficient information and safety animation tips and tutorials on fire preventing 1. 3. 2 Specific Objectives To be able to create a user friendly interface which the user can easily understand. The proponents will create a user friendly interface that can be used by anyone even if the users have no deep knowledge on it. This kind of interface can be immediately understood especially for the SMFS user/s and the usage of the system can be learned quickly. Simultaneously, it guides the user through the critical path. To be able to create a page that will secure unauthorized persons to access the proposed system. The proposed system will be having a tight security in keeping the files by creating a log-in page both for the page visitors and admin that contains username and password so that only the authorized person can access the system. Where, only the admin of the website can see all the fire station’s important information while page visitors have limited access on the SMFS’s web page. To be able to create the appropriate animations, tutorials, and other multimedia elements for the proposed system. Incorporating animations in fire safety and prevention tips, fire mitigation and some multimedia elements to the proposed system that the SMFS can use to different events, especially in conducting seminars, will encourage the user/s to easily understand and remember the instruction and information regarding fire preventing. To be able to create a page that will post and update all activities of the Fire Station. The proponents will create a page that can update and post information regarding the events and activities of SMFS so that the people of Sta. Maria will be updated. And also will take less effort, time, and money in creating and posting announcements on the bulletin board. To be able to create a page that will enable the user to send their comments and suggestions to the fire station This will help the fire station in communicating with the residents of Sta. Maria. And also this will help the residents of Sta. Maria to deliver their personal concerns and in getting reliable information when they needed. Maria Fire Station. The proposed system aims to help the SMFS in sharing, communicating, spreading information that will attract the interest of all the possible users. It helps to view important information and awareness about fire incidents from the fire station. PhpMyAdmin or SQL Server The proponent will use PhpMyAdmin or SQL Server as database that will hold and store all information needed in the system. The proponents will store different incidents of Sta. Maria. They will also store all opinions and suggestions that the user post and other information to maintain the content of the server (Back-End) of the system. Adobe Dreamweaver The system will use Adobe Dreamweaver which is the industry-leading web authoring and editing software that provides both visual and code-level capabilities for creating standard-based websites. In graphics editing and designing the proponents will use Adobe Photoshop. PHP scripting language The proponents will use PHP scripting language. It is a general-purpose server-side scripting language originally designed for web development to produce dynamic web pages. It is among one of the most developed server-side scripting languages that is embedded into HTML source document, rather than calling an external file to process data. Ultimately, the code is interpreted by a web server with a PHP server module which generates the resulting web page. It evolved to include a command-line interface capability and can be used in standalone graphical application. Adobe Photoshop The developers also decided to use Adobe Photoshop to design the interface of the front end and back end, including the background and buttons. Front End –the online part of the system that the visitors can see. This is also the user interface and contains all the information needed. The proponents used Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Dream Weaver, and PHP to enhance the front end of the system containing the Log-in, Home, Media, News and Events, Community, Contact Us, and About Us. Log-in (officers and administrator) –the part of the system that handles the authentication of the officers and administrator. The officers and administrator should enter the username and password to access the Back End of the website. Home –this is the main page of the created system wherein you can see latest safety and prevention tips, video tutorial, most updated news and events such as incidents. The homepage is dynamic so that the administrator of the page can possibly add, update or delete postings. Media – this page contains Video tutorials for fire safety tips, photos of Oplan Iwas Paputok incidents and seminars conducted in different structures such as Barangay ugnayan, schools and hospitals. News and Events – this page contains news and events regarding the fire station so that the residents of Sta. Maria will always be updated from the most recent to the most featured news and events. .Community – this page shows some information about the fire station and Sta. Maria, Bulacan. Contact Us – system page where contact details and location of Sta. Maria Fire Station can be seen. About Us – this page provides important information of Sta. Maria Fire Station. This includes the mission, vision, and the fire station’s officials. Back End – The back-end can only be seen by the admin. Only the admin can access the back-end. Part of the system which the admin can alter, modify and update the current system. File Maintenance- this will enable the system admin of Sta. Maria Fire Station to update all the desired data and information in the system. Log-In Maintenance – part of the system that allows the administrator of the page to navigate the whole system. Home Maintenance – this will enable the admin to update the latest news, updates and daily prevention tip in the system’s main page. Media Maintenance – back-end page of the system where the admin can add and update video tutorials and photos such as incidents and seminars conducted in different structures such as Barangay ugnayan, schools and hospitals. News and Events Maintenance – part of the system that the admin updates the most recent news and events. Contact Us Maintenance – back-end page of the system that the admin can update the contact details of Sta. Maria Fire Station. About Us Maintenance – this page will enable the admin to update the officials of the fire station. Limitation: The proponent will develop an Online Information System exclusively for Sta. Maria Fire Station. The system excludes the sending of online emergency calls/message. In addition, past records of incidents and other confidential files are not included in the system. The scarcity of firemen and fire fighting equipments will not be covered by the system. The further information regarding the inspection of business permit held by the system’s beneficiary will not be covered. The system can only be use by the administrator of SMFS. The created system will not be responsible by the proponents if the system was being hacked and manipulated by unauthorized person. Sample thesis free essay sample Introduction Developing games on Android has its pros and cons. First, Android games are developed in Java, but Android is not a complete Java implementation. Many of the packages used for OpenGL and other graphic embellishments are included in the Android software development kit (SDK). Many does not mean all though, and some very helpful packages for game developers, especially 3-D game developers, are not included. Not every package that may have relied on to build past games will be available in Android. [JFDM 2011] The proposed game is entitled: School Rush is a type of running platform game with Pilipino culture style of interface. The feature of School Rush is play thru level by level, gaining power-ups and answering different kind of questions. The power-ups of the game are based on Pilipino heroes’ powers. It can be gain through the levels of the game. The game play of School Rush is to pass all levels of the game thru the obstacles of every level. We will write a custom essay sample on Sample thesis or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Each level has cases that to earn a specific power on passing the level is to answer a particular question. Pass all levels and earning points to get the highest possible score. 1. 1 Background of the Study The version history of the Android mobile operating system began with the release of the Android beta in November 2007. The first commercial version, Android 1. 0, was released in September 2008. Android is under ongoing development by Google and the Open Handset Alliance (OHA), and has seen a number of updates to its base operating system since its original release. Since April 2009, Android versions have been developed under a codename and released in alphabetical order: Cupcake, Donut, Eclair, Froyo, Gingerbread, Honeycomb, Ice Cream Sandwich, and Jelly Bean. As of 2013, over 900 million active devices use the Android OS worldwide. The most recent major Android update was Jelly Bean 4. 3, which was released on commercial devices on 24 July 2013. [JROB 2013] The game play of the proponent game is like an exceptional free runner with the concept of a Pilipino culture style interface. There are power-ups, items and upgrades to help the user to get through the obstacles and levels of the game. Each time the user acquire power ups they will be required to answer different set of questions, in order to gain access of that particular power-up. The user needs to collect different set of Philippine coins to help them along the game. The score of the game is based on the stars that will be highlighted from each level with their corresponding high score. In modern generations of Android application games, there are different kind of games are being developed. The samples of these games are Zombie Tsunami, Temple Run, Subway Surf, Vector, City Rush and so much more. These games have different kinds of game play, story, graphics and theme. But these games are all running platform games with only different kinds of concepts. 1. 2 Statement of the Problem 1. What is the profile of the respondent in terms of: a. Preferred type of Android Game, b. Preferred Android Phone, c. Gaming Experience, d. Android Phone Literate 2. What will be the user expectation from game in terms of: a. Game Quality, b. Game Play, and c. Game Level? 3. Establishing the game graphics in terms of: a. Environment Design b. 3D animation c. Visual Effects 4. How will the game affect the target user in terms of: a. Game Uniqueness b. Game Mechanics c. Visualization 1. 3 System Objectives General Objectives The general objective of this study is to design and develop an android application game that will entertain, educate and test the mental capabilities of the user. Specific Objectives 1. Design an android application game using Unity3D version 4. 2. Develop an android application game 3D animation. 3. Enhance the user critical thinking of answering the questions. 4. To produce a game that will encourage our fellow students who are into programming, game developing and graphic designs. 5. To create a running platform game that is based on Pilipino Concepts and Pilipino Culture and Beliefs. 6. To make the game mechanics and story reliable and easy to understand. 1. 4 Significance of the Study Proponents – This study can enhance our skills to development a game which by using imaginations, creativity and to acquire knowledge throughout the developing process. Player – This is to encourage the player of our generation to try new games that is developed by indi-game developers. Programmer – It can enhance the person’s capability when it comes to multimedia and developing a game. Company – They can use our game to promote Pilipino style of culture thru the story and graphics of the game. Gamer – This is to encourage the modern generations of gamers to support Pilipino style of game interface and gameplay that can help the industry grow. Users – This is to encourage both young and adult generations to support Philippine literature type of gameplay and interface. Future Researchers – They can use our game as a guide to create a mobile application game in Android. 1. 5 Scope Limitation Scope Intense and exciting gameplay a. Running Platform gameplay b. Thrilling Adventure c. Strategic Gameplay d. Mind enhancing gameplay Semi-Realistic Graphics a. Real-world adaptations of selected Landmarks of the Philippines b. Landscapes c. Characters Limitation 1. The game can only be downloaded in mobile application sites. 2. The game can only be play by one player. 3. The game can only run on mobile phones with android application. 1. 6 Definition of Terms School Rush refers to a running platform game that features Pilipino style culture interface. Android refers to the operating system used to create a running platform game. Storyline refers to the content and outcome of every scene in the game. Environment Design refers to the interface of the game which is about Philippine literature. 3D Animation refers to the movements of the characters and effects of the game in 3D graphics. Visual Effects refers to the graphics of the power ups and effects of the game. Unity3D version 4 refers to the design and game development of the running platform game. Running Platform refers to the type of game play and actions of the game. Unity 4 it refers to the several updates with additional features over the course of its lifespan, such as the new Retained GUI, which is due in a future 4. x update. Levels refer to the stages of the game that is needed to be accomplishing in order to move on to the next level. Game Mechanics refers to the instructions of how to play the game. Unified Modeling Language (UML) refers to this implement all the object operation, message they sent to each other condition and behavior. Sequence Diagram refers to shows the operations that were or will be operated between the elements of the game based on their time sequence. Cell Diagram refers to shows major game play elements. Firmware refers to some way the game might store data in the ROM where the firmware is situated. This is due to the application way require instructions and data fragments from the ROM. CHAPTER 2 PROJECT FRAMEWORK 2. 1 Theoretical Framework After identifying the specific objectives, the proponents provide the following assumptions. The assumptions of the study state as follows: 1. Designed a application, runner platform game, that is unlike any other runner platform game created. 2. This application will be adapted by all ages. 3. This application will be used as informative game. 4. This application will be a source of information to the users. 5. This application will be an entertainment one. 2. 2 Conceptual Framework In this area of study it shows the conceptual framework of the proposed system based on the researchers study. The School Rush is a three-dimensional(3D) game for android that is a pleasing and much exciting than the other Android Games. Figure 1: Game Development Architecture(Conceptual Framework) 2. 3 Project Paradigm IPO (Input-Process-Output) Input process output an information processing cycle that determines how the information is processed and handled with in a system. Figure 2: Shows the IPO(Input-Process-Output) of the School Rush 1. Play 1. 1 New Game Input Process Output Figure 2: IPO (Input-Process-Output) of the New Game Module for School Rush 1. 2 Continue Game Input Process Output Figure 3: IPO (Input-Process-Output) of the Continue Game Module for School Rush 2. Option Input Process Output Figure 4: IPO (Input-Process-Output) of the Option Module for School Rush 3. Help InputProcess Output Figure 5: IPO (Input-Process-Output) of the Help Module for School Rush 4. About Input ProcessOutput Figure 6: IPO (Input-Process-Output) of the About Module for School Rush 5. Exit InputProcessOutput Figure 7: IPO (Input-Process-Output) of the Exit Module for School Rush 2. 4 Review of Related Literature The study which the sources are taken from books, journals, magazines, novels, poetry, and others. is in a chronological order from recent to past when presented. It is composed of discussion and facts and principle to which the present study is related. 2. 4. 1 Local Studies and Literature Base on the blog www. gdap. org. ph, Game development outsourcing has grown abin leaps and bounds over the years, fueled by the acceleration in global game production as well as by an ever-increasing need for companies to scale and stay competitive. Eastern Europe, India, Korea, and China are leading the way; however, countries like the Philippines seem to be slowly catching up. Entire game development processes, including art production, programming, and testing, are now being outsourced to local game studios by top publishers such as EA, Activision, Sony, THQ, and many more. In addition, more and more IPs (intellectual properties) are now being deployed by local studios and indie developers. According in the above statement, the Philippines has slow catch ups in global game production in a several years. And because of that Philippines are now being outsourced to local game studios by top publishers in the world. As stated in www. investphilippines. gov. ph/downloads/sector/Game Development, Game Development is alternately called Interactive Entertainment or Digital Entertainment in other countries. It is basically â€Å"Software Development for Entertainment†. The industry involves the production of original computer games for entertainment purposes, or services such as software programming, 2D and 3D artwork, creation of interactive simulations of real-life situations, and interactive learning materials. Game development also includes the rapidly growing and hugely popular online gaming or massively multiplayer online games(MMOG). The proponents proposed system entitled School Rush, is a 3D game, that not just like an ordinary game for entertainment but also have a educational purpose. School Rush came from the ideas combined by the brainstorming of the proponents, and by the use of Multimedia, game interfaces can be more so exciting while developing it. 2. 4. 2 Foreign Literature According to Zechner Green. (2011). â€Å"Beginning Android 4 Game Development†. page1. State that: This game development renewed our interest, and we started investigating which mobile platforms would be suitable for our development needs. Apples iOS seemed like a good candidate for our game coding skills. However, we quickly realized that the system was not open, that we’d be able to share our work with others only if Apple allowed it, and we’d need a Mac in order to develop for the iOS. And then we found Android. In relation to the study, games is implemented because of the development needs, so in this generation Android and iOS have been more interesting for game development. Creating an Android Game is not easy to do, but because of the use of Modern Technologies and softwares, proponents decided to come up with this kind of system to enhance their skills in programming and to adapt new things like this game development. As stated in a book of Zechner Green(2011). â€Å"Beginning Android 4 Games Development†. Android features have: An application framework that provides a rich set of APIs for creating various types of applications. It also allows the reuse and replacement of components provided by the platform and third-party applications. The Dalvik virtual machine, which is responsible for running applications on Android. A set of graphics libraries for 2D and 3D programming Media support for common audio, video, and image formats, such as Ogg Vorbis, MP3, MPEG-4, and PNG. There’s even a specialized API for playing back sound effects, which will come in handy in your game development adventures. APIs for accessing peripherals such as the camera, Global Positioning System (GPS), compass, accelerometer, touchscreen, trackball, keyboard, controller, and joystick. Note that not all Android devices have all these peripherals—hardware fragmentation in action. According in the statement above, Android possesses features with a high-level view. These are the features that game should have. Chapter 3. 0 Methodology Methodology is the systematic, theoretical analysis of the methods applied to a field of study, or the theoretical analysis of the body of methods and principles associated with a branch of knowledge. It, typically, encompasses concepts such as paradigm, theoretical model, phases and quantitive or qualitive techniques. 3. 1 Project Design 3. 1. 1The Game 3. 1. 1. 1Game Menu Chart Figure 8: Game HIPO This figure shows the Game HIPO. 3. 1. 1. 2 Game Architecture Figure 9: Game Architecture This figure shows the Game Architecture. Based from Grady Brooch, James Rumbaugh and Ivar Jacobson UML also Called (Unified Modeling Language) is a standard way to show how things will work and the implementations of the objects in your game this includes their operations, the messages they sent to each other and their behaviors in certain conditions. User: The player will create a new user name to be able to play the game. Having a user name will record the total score and the total ranking. Game Logic: The player will swipe up to jump over into an obstacle and swipe down to dock over into an obstacle. Swiping left and right to dodge into a obstacle. Every Power ups can contain questions with time limit that needs to be answered to be able to use. Special item can be bought in the store using the coins collected from the game. Audio: The audio of the game is being played from the menu and to the actual start of the game. The audio can be muted if desired. Graphics: The graphics used in the game is 3D graphics. The 3D graphics is an HD version. Win: The game is finished on time. A player must beat every level to be able to play the next level. Next Level: Every level has its own difficulties. The difficulty increases as the level goes up. Game Over: The player did not finish on time or died in the middle of the game. It same as in the endless run mode of the game but only when died. 3. 1. 1. 3 Game Procedures Figure 10: Game Procedures This figure shows the Game Procedures. 3. 1. 1. 4 Game Development Process Figure 11: Game Development Process This figure shows the Game Development Process. 3. 1. 1. 5 Game Development Analysis School Rush is a runner platform 3D game that will be created and developed by Overnight in the Crib. School Rush is a Filipino game where in the main character has the dream to be an Explorer but he must first finish his studies in Grade School in Mindanao, High School in Visayas and College in Luzon in order to make his dream come true. The game is set to a modernize-period wherein the famous places and landmarks of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao will be showcased. The name of the character is â€Å"Jose† a boy who’s an eager student when it comes to his studies. Equipped with a school uniform which can be upgraded, coins that can be picked up that serve as his Baon and Power-Ups that has Q A Function that needs to be answered in order for him benefit of the power-up he obtain along the run. 3. 1. 1. 6 Game Hardware Requirements Minimum system requirements for School Rush The specification listed is the lowest with which the game will work. Running the game on an android phone with any component that does not meet this specification may prevent the game from working. Processor: 600MHz or better Ram: 256mb or higher 3-axis accelerometer Android 2. 2 or higher Pixel screen: 480X800 Recommended: Processor: 1+GHz Ram: 1 GB 3-axis accelerometer Android 4. 0 or higher Pixel Screen: 480X800 or higher Figure 12: Program Flow Chart This figure shows the program flow chart. Figure 13: Data Flow Diagram This figure shows the Data Flow Diagram. Figure 14: Cell Diagram (Region) This figure shows the cell diagram of the region. Figure 15: Cell Diagram (Level) This figure shows the cell diagram of the level. Figure 16: Cell Diagram (Power-Up) This figure shows the cell diagram of the power-up. Figure 17: Cell Diagram (Syntax) This figure shows the cell diagram of the syntax. Figure 18: Game Architecture (Exploded) This figure shows the game architecture exploded

Why We Bombed Japan essays

Why We Bombed Japan essays The Reason for Dropping the Atomic Bomb When looking back on major historical events, often times one question arises, were our actions truly necessary at the time of the situation. One major event where this question comes up is in the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Many historians argue that dropping the atomic bomb was an unnecessary action, while others say disagree and say that it was necessary to end the war and save large amounts of American lives. The debate over this issue goes back and forth still today. During the 50th anniversary of the bombing, the debate came into the forefront of many historical and journalistic circles. Both sides can argue strong points and support their views with a great deal of information. Those who support Harry S. Trumans decision to drop the bomb as way of ending the war quickly and with few American casualties look at the information that Truman had access to at the time the decision was made, while often times those who oppose Trumans decision seem t o look at the information that they now have. The argument in this case is over a simple question motives. Trumans administration reports that the bombing, after much debate and thought of alternatives was the greatest way to end the war and save a great number of American lives. Imagine if Trumans decision was to invade the islands and thousands of Americans were lost in battle, and then reports came out that the atomic bomb would have ended the war much more quickly and without such great losses. The reverse look at this debate seems to support Trumans decision. While the opposition supports the view, that Trumans true reason for using the atomic bomb was not to end the war but to send a message to Russia and other nations that the United States was in control. There are many reports that Truman received varying estimates as to the number of casualties a full invasion o ...

Analyse the extent to which the rules of standing and the grounds of Essay

Analyse the extent to which the rules of standing and the grounds of judicial review have struck the right balance between helpi - Essay Example The law of standing  comprises  rules that determine, whether the remedy seeker is a bonafide person or is he legally empower to initiate legal proceeding against the defendant. We have noticed that in private matters, it is very difficult for the victims to seek justice due to lack of legal resources and the hefty cost involves in initiating legal course of action against the party at fault. Hence, visible hurdles for the litigants in the matter of public interest are there2. Public interest litigation may be common in the developed countries, but it seldom seen in the developing countries due to cost incurs on public interest litigation. Enforcement of public right most often requires due role of public bodies in administrating and implementing such functions e.g. health, safety, security or the environment. There is a difference between the public interest litigation and the private interest litigation. In the UK legal system, there is a body of common law and the statutes whi ch revolves around the exceptions with regard to the rule of standing that lacks the protection of public right3. In the mentioned legal system, judicial review is exercised under RSC, order 53 to ensure judicial control over administrative action. The matter of each and every judicial review is a decision that made by some authorized person or persons is/are called decision maker/makers. They have the right to take the decision or refuse to take the decision4. It is (Judicial review) by all standards different from an appeal. The clear distinction is that appeal can be filed in the appellate jurisdiction by the petitioner provided the judgment of the subordinate court did not touch upon the legal or technical aspects of the case whereas the judicial review is connected with the legal aspect of the decision only or the specified act5. Judicial Review Judicial review has the strong relationship with the powerful executives in terms of accountability. It is the constitutional obligati ons of the judiciary to control the misuse of power of the executives. Of course, executives do not like the judicial review against the backdrop of unbridled discretionary powers they are being enjoyed. On the other hand, judiciary encourages the law abiders and the rules comply with executives to carry out their jobs without any fear or favour. In the presence of strong judiciary, the executives should not comply with the illegal orders of their superiors6. In the English legal system, everybody is accountable to his or her deeds. It is the essence of the cited legal system that the actions or the decisions of the executives are subject to judicial review by judges in order to ensure that their actions or decisions are in accordance with law. Further, the judges have the authority to examine the suggested changes in the legislative structure whether they are in line with the constitutional requirement. Judicial review is utmost important keeping in mind the â€Å"power corrupts a nd absolute power corrupts absolutely â€Å". From the aforementioned contents, it is clear that the basic responsibility to address the legal lacunas in the decisions of

Feasibility Study For a Hospital in Saudi Arabia Essay

Feasibility Study For a Hospital in Saudi Arabia - Essay Example 1.3 System Overview Responsible Organization Independent Research Foundation (IRF) is the responsible organization. IRF has conducted most of the surveys on their own as well as taken help from Government and Private Organization in establishing the feasibility. IRF is responsible for handling all the investment and making sure that all goes according to the plan. System Name Tabeeb Healthcare Facility System Code BJH-699-I2011 System Category ---- Major Application: General Health Care. The facility provides services of general nature but a Cancer Research facility will also be established. The hospital will be modeled after the famous Princeton Planes Borough Hospital (US). Diagnostics and Cancer research will be given special attention and investment. ---- General Support System: The Investors for this facility will mostly be from all over the world but the facility will provide services for all the locals. As there isn’t much insurance market strength in Saudi Arabia (comp aratively), there will not be much trouble in treating patients from all walks of life. Economic Analysis and Indicators Three economic indicators were used to analyze the investment for Tabeeb Health Care Facility; the Payback period of 2.5 years, NPV of US $20 million and ROI of 13%. The economic analysis shows that to raise capital for establishing the facility, IRF is in no position to raise the capital themselves. Therefore, the most likely sources of capital to all the above scenarios are grants and / or units owned by third parties, such as energy service companies (ie, through the contract or other similar contracts for energy services). As most of the foreign investment floods into Saudi Arabia in the form of oil sector development, our most likely sponsor will be any reputable oil company, preferably, Shell. Lifecycle costs of different scenarios were performed using the reputable software software (NRC 2005). Economic indicators to assess the economic viability were: a si mple payback period, NPV, and ROI. This type of analysis makes more sense as it will be simpler to present and more likely our sponsors will agree to our plan. Agencies typically grant funds by listing projects based on a simple payback period. For life cycle cost analysis, assumptions are made as follows: Projected Life 65 years Cost Inflation Rate 2.25% Discount Rate 7% Debt Term 15 years Interest Rate 4.7% Contingencies 4% (of capital costs) Cost (Energy) Savings 55%-98% 2.0 Market Analysis Recent Studies have shown an upward trend in the demand for health care facilities among the people of Kingdom. Population is increasing at a rapid pace but the health care facilities aren’t matching the population growth rate. Other than the fact that growth rate of health care facilities is not impressive in Saudi Arabia indicating that there will be an increase in the demand for doctors and nurses, everyone needs to see a doctor. Medical and health care facilities have an inelastic d emand. Investments in pharmaceuticals and medical facilities are often always considered an option that people go for. Tabeeb Health Care Facility will be built in the heart of the capital Riyadh. The patient statistics (as they are discussed below) were relatively easy to collect and we have a very good reason to believe that the data is as

Heineken Marketing and Business Analysis

Heineken Marketing and Business Analysis Jump to: SWOT Analysis of Heineken | Porters 5 Analysis of Heineken | Heinekens Main Competitors Heading the Heineken Group, Heineken Holding N.V. is no ordinary holding company. Since its formation in 1952, the objective of Heineken Holding N.V., pursuant to its Articles of Association has been to manage and/ or supervise the Heineken Group and to provide services to the Heineken Group. The role Heineken Holding N.V. has performed for the Heineken Group since 1952 has been to safeguard its continuity, independence and stability and create conditions for controlled, steady growth of the activities of the Heineken Group. This stability has enabled the Heineken Group to rise to its present position as the brewer with the widest international presence and one of the worlds largest brewing groups. Every Heineken N.V. share held by Heineken Holding N.V. is matched by one share issued by Heineken Holding N.V. The net asset value of one Heineken Holding N.V. share is therefore identical to the net asset value of one Heineken N.V. share. The dividend payable on the two shares is also id entical. Historically, however, Heineken Holding N.V. shares have traded at a lower price due to technical factors that are market-specifi c. Heineken Holding N.V. holds 50.005 per cent of the Heineken N.V. issued shares. LArche Green N.V. holds 58.78 per cent of the Heineken Holding N.V. shares. The Heineken family holds 88.42 per cent of LArche Green N.V. The remaining 11.58 per cent of LArche Green N.V. is held by the Hoyer family. Mrs. De Carvalho-Heineken also owns a direct 0.03 per cent stake in Heineken Holding N.V. Bondholder information On 4 November 2003, Heineken N.V. issued two bonds for a total of EUR 1.1 billion. In addition, on 26 February 2009 Heineken placed six year Notes of GBP400 million (EUR 450 million) with a coupon of 7.25 per cent, on 25 March 2009 fi ve year Notes of EUR 1 billion with a coupon of 7.125 percent and on 1 October 2009 seven year Notes of EUR 400 million with a coupon of 4.625 per cent. These Notes were issued under the European Medium Term Note Programme established in 2008 and updated in September 2009. The European Medium Term Note programme allows Heineken N.V. from time to time to issue Notes for a total amount of up to EUR 3 billion. As currently approximately EUR 1.9 billion is outstanding, Heineken still has capacity of EUR 1.1 million under the programme. The programme can be used for issuing up to one year after its establishment. The Luxembourg Stock Exchange has approved the programme. Risk Management and Control Process Main risks Under the explicit understanding that this is not an exhaustive list, Heinekens main risks are described below, including the mitigation measures. Risks concerning the Heineken brand and Company reputation, economic downturn, volatility of input costs, exchange and interest rates, availability and cost of capital and increasing legislation (such as alcohol excise duties and anti-trust) affecting the business are considered the most significant risks. The main Company risks have been discussed with the full Supervisory Board. Attractiveness of beer category under pressure Heineken has many operations in mature beer markets where the attractiveness of the beer category is being challenged by other beverage categories. Consumers may also change behaviour following the rise of discount brands and retailers following the recession. In these markets, especially, the on-trade channel is under pressure, which makes adjustments to the cost base unavoidable. Heineken is relatively highly geared to mature markets since their acquisition of Scottish Newcastle. Management focus is on product innovation, portfolio management and costeffectiveness in order to secure market position and profitability. Pressure on alcohol An increasingly negative perception in society towards alcohol and more specifically alcohol abuse could prompt legislators to take restrictive measures including restrictions, on such things as commercial freedom and increased government tax. This perception is fed by critical coverage in the media. Further restrictions of our commercial freedom to promote and sell our products could lead to a decrease in brand equity and potentially in sales and damage the industry in general. Heineken actively participates in the EU Forum on Alcohol and Health and delivered its commitments in the area of consumer information, alcohol consumption at the workplace and commercial communication. In 2009, Heineken continued to work on establishing effective self-regulation in the EU together with the Brewers of Europe. Volatility of input costs Pricing strategies are top priority in all of our markets. This includes assessments of customer, consumer and competitor responses based on different pricing scenarios, which will have different outcomes market by market. In principle, we will pass on increased input costs impacting volume. During the second half of 2008, commodity markets rapidly declined following the world economic climate and remained depressed for most of 2009. In addition, the run of several years poor harvests in key grain and hop markets has reversed and world grain stocks are recovering. Economic downturn The economic crisis has impacted our regular business activities and performance, in particular in consumer spending and solvency. However, the business impact differed across our regions and operations. Local management has assessed the risk exposure following Group instructions and is taking action to mitigate any higher than usual risks. Intensified and continuous focus is being given in the areas of customers (managing trade receivables and loans) and suppliers (financial position of critical suppliers). Also, management attention is given to our relationships with banks (see capital availability risk) and insurance companies (credit worthiness (re)insurance companies). Regional Management and involved Group functions oversee the effectiveness of management analysis and action, supported by input from Internal Auditors. Financial risks Currency risk Heineken operates internationally and reports in euros, which has proven to be a very strong currency over the past few years. Currency fluctuations, relating to the US dollar, South African rand, Polish zloty and, to a lesser extent, the British pound could materially affect overall Company results, considering the size of exports from the eurozone to mainly the USA and South Africa. Heineken has a clear policy on hedging transactional exchange risks, which postpones the impact on financial results. Translation exchange risks are hedged to a limited extent. In 2009, operating results of Operating Companies in countries with currencies that devaluated versus the euro are translated into euro at lower rates. Since the Group attracts funding and pays interest in these currencies as well, the impact of devaluations of such currencies like the Russian rouble, British pound and Polish zloty on our results is mitigated to a certain extent. In addition, Heineken strengthened its risk manage ment regarding the monitoring and managing of currency and interest positions. Capital availability The Company has a strong focus on cash generation to reduce its debt levels and to improve its financing ratios. The Company has a clear focus on ensuring sufficient access to capital markets to refinance maturing debt obligations and to finance long-term growth. The Company aims to further fine-tune the maturity profile of its long-term debts. Financing strategies are under continuous evaluation. Terms and conditions of additional refinancing may be impacted by the changing credit market conditions. Strong cost and cash management and strong controls over investment proposals are in place to ensure effective and efficient allocation of financial resources. Litigation Due to increasing legislation there is an increased possibility of non-compliance. Additionally, more supervision by regulators and the growing claim culture may potentially increase the impact of non-compliance, both financially and on the reputation of the Company. Each half year, all majority-owned companies formally report outstanding claims and litigations against the Company in excess of EUR 1 million to Group Legal Affairs, including an assessment of the amounts to be provided for. There may be current risks that do not have a significant impact on the business but which could at a later stage develop into a material impact on the Companys business. The Companys risk management systems are focused on timely discovery of such risks.   SWOT Analysis (S)trengths Heineken has very different brands in thirteen markets. It is a global brand and established itself in international strategy The company have purchased a lot of national breweries. There is Recognition of bottle (Green bottle) dispenses and different  instruments such as (Mini keg) (W)eaknesses Heineken has a conservative and safe play culture. The company had  struggled to obtain larger Breweries. Young Beer drinkers dont prefer Heineken Prices are costly when compared to domestic market such as $10 would  be for six packs and in the domestic market it is $7 for six packs. (T)hreats Government restriction to drunken driving laws. High competition in the beer industry to increase the market share. Joint ventures and acquisition of other companies which tend to become  larger than Heineken. (O)pportunities The trends of the society changing to consumption of healthy beer with  low calories. In Asia and Russian there is increase in population which the company is  having high market share. In the U.S industry a particular segment the Hispanic are growing  tremendously Porters Five Forces of Competition Threat of substitutes: Very little technical composition of beers The growing segment of wine industry Threats of new Entry: An investment amount of $250 million dollars to build 4 million barrel brewery There is risky entry since there is no alternative use of breweries Top positions have not been cracked by new entrants Bargaining power of buyers No true brand loyal to any particular brand The Demand for the major competitor brand Budweiser is Inelastic Bargaining power of suppliers There were fewer amounts of Brewers and larger plants. High cost of production due to rise in price of products such as grains glass and  aluminium. There were many number of buying supplier of input (Wheat field). Rivalry Between established competitors During 1947 Heineken established itself in top 5 acquired 19% of the market in  U.S. During 2001 Heineken was included in top 5 and generated 87% of the U.S  market share. The beer industry is very highly competitive industry due to this reason many  brewers leave the industry. Main Competitors for Heineken Anheuser-Busch, Inc. Anheuser-Busch, Inc.is 100 percent owned by the holding company Anheuser-Busch Companies, Inc. The company mostly focuses on domestic beer sales, 75% of its total revenue, 4% from international beer sales, 15% from packaging, and 6% fromentertainment. Corporate level strategy At the corporate level, Anheuser-Busch pursues the dominant vertical business strategy. All ratios (specialization, related and vertical) are well above 70%. The company focuses mainly, but not exclusively, on beer production and is heavily vertically integrated, which sets it apart from most of its main competitors. Value Drivers Anheuser-Busch ranked first in the category quality of products and services. The company also won the first rank in the overall category Beverage Industry. Strength challenges and weakness Anheuser-Busch derives most of its market strength from its overwhelming scale and scope economies. The king of beers uniquely transforms this strength into several unrivalled competitive advantages, including cost efficiencies, exclusive relationships with many of its wholesalers, a dominant presence at the retail level, advertising efficiency and pricing power. A-B is growth limited because the company is operating above 95% production capacity, which already presents seasonal challenges. The overwhelming success of the past decades could potentially lead to complacency among ABs employees and distributors. SAB MILLER PLC SABMiller has brewing operations in more than 40 countries spanning four continents. The company is the second largest brewer in the world by volume and one of the largest Coca- Cola bottlers and distributors of Cokes carbonated soft drinks outside the U.S.79 The primary brands in the U.S. markets are Miller Genuine Draft, Miller Lite, Fosters and Pilsner Urquell, and Henry Weinhards and Leinenkugels. Other U.S. brands include Icehouse, Old English 800, High Life, Milwaukees Best, Mickeys Malt Liquor and a non-alcoholic beer called Sharps. Corporate Level Strategy The SABMiller corporate level strategy is a dominant linked  corporations strategy. The stated corporate level strategy is to optimize and expand its existing positions through acquisition and to seek value-adding opportunities to enhance its position as a global brewer. SABMiller business level strategy is to serve the mass markets for beer and soft drinks with broad differentiation as perceived by consumers. Value Drivers A primary value driver of SABMiller is its brand recognition. The Miller Genuine Draft  and Miller Light brands, for example, have a long established brand equity that drives their  respective sales. Strength and weakness SABMiller has strong brand leadership and it continues to develop new brands through partnerships. The strategy of diversification across currencies and geography makes the company relatively immune to regional changes in beer consumption, tastes, growth trends, and currency fluctuations. The Miller Brewing acquisition required significant management attention and a large investment on the part of SABMiller that will continue to affect profitability over the next two to three years. Coors Aldoph Coors Company was founded in 1872. Coors was family owned until 1975 when  the company first became public. The Coors family continues to be involved in the company  with nine of its members working for the firm.95 All of Coors brewing and packing facilities are currently U.S. based, having divested a brewery in Zaragoza, Spain in 2000.96 Its largest facility, in Golden Colorado, has the ability to produce 20 million barrels of beer in a year and is considered the largest brewing facility in the world. Corporate Level Strategies Coors current corporate strategies focus on improving  operational efficiencies and expansion through acquisition. Coors seeks to grow its markets  regionally. This is evident through its Carling acquisition and its current regional appeal in the U.S. All of Coors revenues come from the sale and distribution of beer and malt beverages. Value Drivers Coors is improving its brewing operations by investing in supply chain management systems, joint ventures with packaging companies and plant upgrades. Strength and weakness Coors has never wavered in its dedication to maintain their access-based position in the market. Its success has been attributed to latching onto a market trend toward health conscious consumers and developing and executing a focused strategy. The companys weakness is in establishing the correct cost basis for their strategy. Coors has the highest COGS per barrel compared to its peers. Further growth may be limited unless the  company seeks global expansion. As of today, Coors is not participating in the fastest growing global geography, China. CORONA AND LABATT Corona beer, a brand of Grupo Modelo de Mexico, and Labatt, a brand of Labatt USA,  are the major competitors to Heineken. In addition to the individual brands of Corona,  Grupo Modelo also owns Pacifico and Modelo Especial. Labatt USA has strong brands with  additional products such as Rolling Rock, and is the distributor of Tecate and Dos Equis. Both companies participated in the beer industry consolidation. Anheuser Busch has increased ownership of Grupo Modelo to 51% after an initial investment of 13% in 1993. Corporate level Strategies The corporate level strategy of Labatt USA is dominant  linked, serving various niche markets throughout the country. Labatts large portfolio of  specialty beers serves different niche markets with widely divergent geographic strengths. Grupo Modelo pursues a dominant linked strategy, however its limited brands serve only  smaller niche group. Both companies focus on the specialty beer market by controlling  manufacturing and distribution channels through vertical integration. Business level strategies. Labatt USAs and Grupo Modelos business strategies are  product differentiation. Both companies emphasize the quality of their products and their  abilities to satisfy customers. Value Drivers The primary value driver for Grupo Modelo and Labatt is their individual brand equity. Corona has been a staple in Mexico since the early 1900s. Many of the brands in Labatt USAs stable, such as Bass and Lowenbrau have been around for centuries. Since Grupo Modelo focuses on only 5 brands with huge production volume, it is able to  exploit manufacturing and production scale and scope economies as cost drivers. Strength and weakness Labatt and Grupo Modelo enjoy strong brand leadership, while Labatt has additional advantages due to its relationship with Interbrew and FEMSA that allows brand  expansion. Regression Analysis Heineken NV Heineken Holding NV Anheuser-Busch InBev Carlsberg A/S Group Modelo SAB de CV SAB Miller PLC Molson Coors Brewing Co.

Lil Red Riding Hoodlum:twisted Fairy Tale Essay examples -- essays res

Little Red Riding Hoodlum   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There is a teenager named little red riding hoodlum. If this girl sounds familiar, you guessed it right. She was formerly known as Little Red Riding Hood, until she turned to the life of crime. Right now she is paying for the trauma the wolf caused her. She is now in Utah State Youth Rehabilitation Center. I’ll tell you the part of the story they left out at the end that made it a fairy tale.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  After the woodcutter killed the wolf, the wolf’s brother was furious, so he killed the rest of Li’l Red’s family. Luckily, the woodcutter was near the house where Li’l Red and her family lived in, so he ran over with his shotgun, and, when the wolf was running away, he shot him in the back of the head. The woodcutter took Li’l Red to live with him.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A couple of years after Li’l Red’s incident, she started to show signs of traumatization. These signs that she showed were of criminal behavior. She turned rebellious and turned into a criminal. She would shoplift, commit grand auto theft, and other illegal activities. She liked to crash the cars that she had stolen. Soon, her friends started doing the same thing. Her friends looked up to her and thought she was cool for doing criminal things and not getting caught. After she turned to the life of crime, she started thinking she was a bad little chola. After a while, she started getting bored with the usual car theft or shoplif...

Baroque and Classicism

The Baroque style in art that flourished in the seventeenth century is characterized by â€Å"intense emotions, monumental decors, and even a kind of artistic sensationalism (Hunt, Martin and Rosenstein 473). † It is a movement that was heavily embellished and very complex, primarily because it wanted to evoke a strong sense of emotion from the viewer. The artists who subscribed to this particular movement â€Å"embraced dynamism, theatricality, and elaborate ornamentation, all used to spectacular effect, often on a grandiose scale (Klein 649). The term itself is believed to have come room the Portuguese word barroom, which referred to an irregularly shaped pearl. It somewhat fitting, as baroque sculptures, particularly, have many complex textures as part of their ornamentation. A prime example of the baroque style in sculpture is the work of Italian sculptor Giant Lorenz Bernie, Ecstasy of SST. Teresa of Г?vial. The sculpture is distinctly baroque, first in terms of its form. Looking at the sculpture, it is easy to see how diverse the visual textures are in Bering's work. The large, thick folds of the clothing of SST.Teresa contrasts with the lighter, thinner texture of the clothing of the angel piercing her with an arrow. These textures are also clearly discernible and different from the smoky texture of the cloud below, the smooth, porcelain-like skin of both SST. Teresa and the angel, and the ordered rays representing God behind the primary figures. This diversity in textures is a manifestation of the baroque style's obsession with ornamentation, as the complexity it creates is almost overwhelming to the viewer. Another aspect of Bering's work that exemplifies the baroque is its whitetail presentation of emotion.The choice of the subject matter is already lends itself to such theatricality, since the sculpture is depicting the SST. Teresa in one of her trances after her conversion to Catholicism after the death of her father, which she describes as being caused by â€Å"the fire-tipped arrow of divine love that an angel had thrust repeatedly into her heart (Klein 654). † The emotion on her face as rendered by Bernie is one of an almost sexual climax, on display for everyone to see. This equation of an orgasmic, painful pleasure is a means to let the viewer understand on hysterical terms the transcendent experience of the divine.Only the baroque style, with its emphasis on emotion can capture and manifest such a state. Classicism is an art movement that was also popular during the seventeenth century, but more so in France, compared to the primacy of the baroque in Italy. It was espoused by the French king, Louis XIV as the preferred style for French artists. Classicism reflected the ideals of the art of antiquity: â€Å"geometric shapes, order, and harmony of lines took precedence over the sensuous, exuberant, and emotional forms of the baroque Hunt, Martin and Rosenstein 510). It recalls the classical period, whic h in the arts refers to the traditions of the Greeks and the Romans. There is a stronger emphasis on symmetry and straight lines in classicism, which embody the order and reason prized among artists that subscribe to this movement. The work by French artist Nicholas Poisson, Discovery of Achilles on Gyros, is an excellent example of classicism. Looking at the forms in the painting, it is easy to see how ordered everything is. There is a dominance of straight lines, not only in the classical architecture depicted behind Achilles and his sword, but also in the poses assumed by the figures.The arms of the women are carefully positioned to create straight lines. The use of color is also very harmonious and ordered, as Poisson uses complementary colors of blue and orange to make the clothing pop out. The skin tone of the all the women are also clearly fairer than that of the men, so as to make the viewer clearly recognize differences in gender. There is a distinct lack of emotion in the painting, as the facial expressions of the figures are very stoic and subdued.